D – Media & Entertainment Technology Concepts
Media and Entertainment Industry Concepts : Browse by Letter – D
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| Concept | Category | Description | Associated Product, Forum, Company etc. |
| DAI | Advertising Technology | Dynamic ad insertion (DAI) is the process of inserting ad into a page in response to a user’s request. It allows modification of specific ads placed on a page based on any data available to the ad server e.g. ad based on demographic data, usage history, preferences, user profile etc. | DPI |
| DASH | Streaming Technology | Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) is a technology for streaming of media over HTTP. It works by breaking the content into sequence of HTTP-based file segments and creating multiple versions for each segment encoded at varying bitrates. MPEG DASH enabled client (player) automatically selects/seeks from the best (highest supported bit rate) segment based on current network conditions and CPU availability and hence ensures un-interrupted experience . | MPEG, HLS, HDS, Microsoft Smooth Streaming |
| DCAS | Content Protection | Downloadable Conditional Access System (DCAS) is specification from CableLabs for secure download of a specific Conditional Access client to control digital rights management (DRM) into an OCAP-compliant host consumer media device e.g. STB, DTV etc. DCAS was initiated to implement DRM protection in software for future OCAP-compliant consumer devices but was abandoned by CableLabs in 2009. | DTV, DRM |
| Decoding | Video Processing | A system, device or a program that changes encoded/compressed data back into its original format. A decoder is inverse of coding and involves key steps of Entropy decoder, Dequantizer, I-DCT and color conversion to reconstruct the original image | Encoder, DCT, IDCT |
| DES | Encryption Standard | Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a block cipher based algorithm for encryption of electronic data using shared secret key encryption. DES was developed by IBM in 1977 and is based on symmetric-key algorithm which uses a 56-bit key and breaks text into 64-bit blocks and then encrypts them. | triple DES, RSA , AES |
| DFXP | Closed captioning | Distribution Format Exchange Profile (DFXP), is a closed caption file format following Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) specification. Timed Text refers to the presentation of textual information in synchronization with audio and video. | TTML, SRT, SMIL, SCC |
| DigiCipher | Content Protection | DigiCipher or DCII is a proprietary standard for digital signal transmission and encryption with MPEG-2 signal video. | Arris, DRM |
| digital artifact | Video Error | Artifact refers to any visible defect in the video as a result of image distortion, video compression, transcoding etc. which are visually identified e.g. blocking, frame freeze etc. | Cerify, Aurora, Baton QC |
| Digital Overlay | TV Technology | Digital overlay is insertion of data using CG (Computer Graphics) over broadcast data, usage include local advertising, promotions, commercials and content related information. Overlays are also used for user interaction by overlaying interactive apps, prompt viewers to initiate on-demand sessions or request for more information. | Computer Graphics |
| Digital Fingerprinting |
Copyright Infringement | Digital fingerprinting is a technique used for safeguarding copyright for digital content. It works by capturing unique features of an audio or video sample called “fingerprint” which can uniquely identify the corresponding video/audio content. Fingerprints extracted are highly compressed and stored as reference data for identification. It uses extraction algorithm which can accurately identify media asset even after content transformation e.g. degradation, transcoding, compression, distortion etc.  |
DRM, Watermarking |
| Digital8 | Video Format | Digital8 or D8 is a recording format that uses digital video (DV) compression to store data digitally on 8mm tape. It was marketed by Sony in the late ’90s and is its proprietary digital camcorder format. | DV |
| DirectFB | Graphics Library | DirectFB ( Direct Frame Buffer) is a graphics software library that allows applications to talk directly to video hardware through a direct API to provide graphics acceleration, abstraction layer, input device handling and integrated windowing system. It supports translucent windows and multiple display layers on top of the framebuffer without requiring any kernel modifications. | DirectX, OpenGL |
| DirectShow | Video Processing | A media streaming architecture from Microsoft that enables high-quality capture and playback of multimedia streams. It supports compressed video and audio stream across variety of formats, including MPEG, audio-video interleaved, MPEG-1, WAV files etc. | Microsoft, DirectX |
| DirectX | Graphics Library | Graphics Library which defines a set of APIs from Microsoft that enables programmers to write hardware agnostic multimedia applications using graphics accelerators. DirectX achieves this by creating an intermediate layer that translates generic hardware commands into specific commands for particular pieces of hardware. | Direct3D, OpenGL, DirectFB |
| DivX | Video Codec | Digital video express (DivX) is a digital video compression format based on the MPEG-4 technology. | MPEG4, Compression |
| DLNA | Networking | Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) is a working group towards creating wired and wireless interoperable network of Personal Computers , Consumer Electronics and mobile devices in the home, enabling a seamless environment for exchange of digital media and content services. | |
| DMB | Broadcast | Digital Media Broadcasting or DMB is digital radio transmission technology developed for sending multimedia e.g. radio and data casting to mobile devices such as mobile phones and GPS navigation systems. | DVB |
| DOCSIS | Cable | Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications (DOCSIS) defines interface standards for cable modems and supporting equipment for high-speed data transfer over existing cable connection. The specification was developed by CableLabs and is deployed by cable operators to provide Internet access over their existing hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) infrastructure. Most recent version DOCSIS 3.1 plans to support capacities of at least 10 Gbit/s downstream and 1 Gbit/s upstream using smaller (20 kHz to 50 kHz wide) OFDM subcarriers. | CableLabs |
| Dolby Digital | Audio standard | Dolby Digital (also called AC-3) is a standard for high-quality digital audio that is used for the sound portion of video stored in digital format e.g. DVB, Blu-ray, Cable TV, broadcast, Satellite TV etc. It delivers 6 channels in the 5.1 configuration: 1 left, 1 right, 1 center screen channels, separate left and right sounds, and a subwoofer channel. | AC3, Dolby Digital Plus |
| DoubleClick | Advertising technology | Online advertising platform from Google which provides advertising technology to create, manage, and transact digital advertising for ad buyers (advertisers) and sellers (publishers). It is a family for products including DFP (For Publishers), DFA (For Advertisers), DoubleClick Advertising Exchange (Publishers and Advertisers) , Ad display networks etc. | Google, DFP, DFA, DART |
| DPI | Advertising technology | Digital Program Insertion – DPI is the process of seamless splicing/insertion of digital media segments, commercial ads etc. into an MPEG digital media stream . It is used by cable headends and broadcast affiliates to insert locally-generated commercials and short programs into programs before they are delivered. It uses standardized protocols from SCTE for communication between automation server, compression system, digital splicer and ad server. | SCTE 30, SCTE 35, SCTE 104, Ad Server, Digital Splicer |
| DRM | Content protection | Digital rights management (DRM) is a system for protecting copyrights of digital content circulated either physically through digital media or via Internet by enabling secure distribution and disabling illegal copying. It protects intellectual property by either encrypting the data so that it can only be accessed by authorized users or marking the content with a digital watermark or similar method so that the content can not be freely distributed. | Teletrax, Vobile, Adobe Access, PlayReady, |
| DSG | Digital Broadcast | DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) is a specification describing how out of band (OOB) data e.g. program guides, channel lineups etc. is delivered to a cable set-top box through the DOCSIS downstream without requiring return path functionality between the Set-top Devices and the CMTS. | DOCSIS, CMTS |
| DSLAM | Multiplexer | Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer – a network device at a telecom headend that receives signals from multiple customer Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) connections and multiplexes them on a high-speed backbone line. | DSL |
| DSM CC | Broadcast Protocol | Digital Storage Media Command and Control (DSM-CC) is toolkit for developing control channels associated with MPEG-2 streams and is defined in part 6 of the MPEG-2 standard. It defines connection control and interfaces for set-top boxes, servers, and networks and has significance in client/server operations such as service navigation, control of MPEG video servers over a network (play, stop pause etc.), support for data transmission, simple data broadcasting, video stream control, file access etc. | MPEG |
| DSP | Advertising Technology | Demand Side Platform (DSP) is a buy side platform that provides centralized and aggregated media buying from multiple sources including ad exchanges, ad networks and sell side platforms. More recently it has been complemented with real time bidding (RTB) capabilities . Marketing agencies use DSPs to manage bids for banners and pricing for the data they are layering on to target their audience. | DFA, RTB, SSP |
| DTCP-IP | Content Protection | Digital Transmission Content Protection over Internet Protocol (DTCP-IP) is a specification for copy protection of copyrighted content that is transferred over digital interfaces in home networks over IP. It is an authentication scheme which allows data communication with designated devices marked as trusted destinations and restricts content to be transmitted over the Internet or outside of the home network. | DTCP |
| DTMB | Digital Broadcast | Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast (DTMB) is the TV standard for mobile and fixed terminals used in the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, and Macau. | DVB |
| DTS | Audio Standard | Digital Theatre Sound (DTS) is a multichannel surround sound format used in commercial and consumer applications and is a competing technology with Dolby Digital. | Dolby Digital, DTS Digital Surround , DTS Express |
| DTS Express | Audio Standard | DTS Express is a high quality, low bit-rate audio codec that has been widely used in Blu-ray disc™ secondary audio, BD Live and other applications. DTS Express features constant bit rates from 48 kbps to 512 kbps and can be used with up to 5.1 channels and up to 48 kHz / 24 bit. | DTS, Dolby Digital |
| DTT | Digital Television | Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT) is digital broadcasting format for transmitting television through terrestrial transmission. | DVB, ATSC |
| DTV | Digital Television | A system that transmits video images through digital transmission. The transmission is divided into channels for digital video and audio and uses compression e.g. MPEG2, H.264 which enable bundling or many more channels for given spectrum/bandwidth. | MPEG4, Compression |
| Dublin Core | Content management | Dublin Core (dc) is an Industry standards for Dublin Core Metadata Element Set (DCMES) for defining the attributes of an audio or video asset including creator, format, unique identifier, publisher etc. | Video Metadata |
| DV | Digital Video | Digital video is a sequence of picture signals (frames) that are represented by binary data and describe a finite set of color and luminance levels. | MPEG |
| DVB | Digital Broadcast | Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) represents suite of open standards for delivery of digital television and data services under the umbrella for MPEG 2 / H.264 based standards including DVB-C for cable, DVB-S for satellite and DVB-T for terrestrial Television. | Satellite: DVB-S, DVB-S2 and DVB-SH Cable: DVB-C, DVB-C2 Terrestrial : DVB-T, DVB-T2 Handhelds: DVB-H, DVB-SH |
| DVB-C2 | Digital Broadcast | DVB-Cable is an European consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of digital television over cable. It transmits signal using MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 /H.264 digital audio/digital video stream using QAM modulation with channel coding. DVB-C2 is the second generation DVB cable transmission system. | DVB-C, DVB, ATSC |
| DVB-H | Digital Broadcast | Digital Video Broadcasting – Handhelds (DVB-H) is set of specification for bringing broadcast service to battery-powered handheld receivers that allows the receiving device to move freely while receiving the transmission. It is a superset of the DVB-T system for digital terrestrial television, with additional features to meet the device specific requirements. | DVB, DVB-T |
| DVB-S2 | Digital Broadcast | Digital Video Broadcasting — Satellite (DVB-S2) is Digital Video Broadcasting Forward error correction and demodulation standard for Satellite Television . It uses QPSK transmission technique. | MCPC, MPEG, DVB-S2, QPSK |
| DVB-T | Digital Broadcast | Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial (DVB-T) is DVB standard for the broadcast transmission of digital terrestrial television for transmitting compressed digital audio, digital video and other data in an MPEG transport stream using COFDM or OFDM modulation. | DVB, DVB-T2, COFDM |
| DVB-T2 | Digital Broadcast | DVB-T2 is the advanced digital terrestrial television (DTT) system, successor of DVB-T which offers more robustness, flexibility and more efficiency than DVB-T. It supports SD, HD, UHD, mobile TV, or any combination thereof. It used COFDM transmission technique. | DVB, DVB-T |
| DVI | Digital Standard | Digital Video Interactive is now-defunct technology which uses 29-pin connection to connect computer monitors, it carries digital signal and enables a computer to store and display moving images and video. | Digital Display Working Group |